Methods of Studying Human Behavior Essay

Among the various regularitys of perusal human conduct such(prenominal) as naturalistic observation, go over research, correlational statistics research, and experimental method, survey research method is the most appropriate method that cig atomic number 18tte be wontd to investigate the family between personnel and intoxicant use. Survey research method offers best alternative for the find out because it can easily study relationship between force-out and alcoholic drink use by easily find the target population that shall put down in the survey.Moreover, survey research method facilitates collection of data regarding violence and alcohol use fashion (Dube et al, 2001) by use of interviews or questionnaires among the selected survey sample. As a result of obtained information the from survey method, it is easy to mint conclusion regarding alcoholism and violence because survey usually targets similar responses from selected serveents on their take on the research to pic. However, precaution should be taken so that carefully categorization of participants to ascertain the accurate and credible results.In some other words, to assure validity of the data obtained, participants should have some observ competent likeness when using survey method. Moreover, results obtained heavily depend on the respondents ability to break the truth and respond honestly. therefore, if respondents are dishonest, then the result shall be misleading. In other words, survey method requires full self report from the selected sample. In this case of using survey methodology in studying the relationship between alcohol use and violence, ethical considerations are of essence.One such consideration regards, consent form the respondent that he/she is of opinion that go away voluntarily share needed information being requested. More scathing on ethical considerations, regards the spirit of questions asked to respondents in the sense that if the questions asked are emba rrass nature, the respondent may not be in position to respond honestly (James, 1890). For example, young couple may find it embarrassing to wait on questions link to their suffering in marriages unlike the old couples who may be open enough to share. Q2.Difference between veto and positive livelihood Negative and Positive Reinforcement Both positive and Negative funding concept is an interesting area in psychological arena. To differentiate, positive support entails activities aimed at increasing recurrence of a certain expression because the behavior was rewarded or a person committing the behavior receives what he or she treasured by performing the behavior. For example, hard on the billet(p) ion college attains good grades and scholarship encourages recurrence of working hard behavior.While on the other hand, negative reinforcement, regards consequences of a behavior that discourages its repetition. For example poor operation, results to poor grades that discouraging la ziness behavior in studying. Though, negative reinforcement should not be viewed as punishment because it can be explained and its objective clearly defended as to produce positive results. However, pliant behavior requires integration of both(prenominal) positive and negative reinforcement since they both create a strong behavior conditioning tool determining whether or not a certain behavior is likely to be repeated or miscellanyd to a desired one.This is because behavior tendency to be repeated is determined by either positive or negative consequences. For example, working hard in college secure one with good skills for job execution which is a positive consequence, barely failing results to wiped out(p) skills and low chances of good job then it becomes a negative consequence to performance behavior. An example from personal life is that of alcohol abuse that was coupled by legal charges. This behavior resulted to negative reinforcement in terms of charges, fines and detain ment.In a holistic view, these negative consequences did not basal something bad to mean as I learnt later. On my part and encounter the fines, charges and detainment was the beginning of the overbold life in terms of positive reinforcement of sobriety that was out(predicate) to attain without couple of negative reinforcements. Though the situation was an integrative scenario in terms of negative and positive reinforcement, ethical consideration needed at this moment is the utilization of common sense. Q3. Which possible action of psychological thought Theories of psychology psychology as a scientific disciple that seeks to study, understands, and explains human behavior, for me theory of behavioral Psychology or school of thought for Behaviorism proves to be the most appropriate theory for arrest psychology. Behaviorism states that all behaviors are shaped base on the consequences encountered as a result of the behavior or experiences (Skinner, 1948/1986). For example, when you meet a friend and you smile at him or her and she smiles back at you, this may encourage smiling behavior at friends. But when you smile and friend ignores you, then the behavior is likely to be discouraged.Therefore, consequences that facilitate to shape behaviors are either favorable or unfavorable, but it depend how we perceive and view consequences and experiences. This behaviorism theory is a important as a center stage for understanding behavior change in the sense that when practice good habits it leads to lifestyle changes and we are able to live positively. For example, practiced and lived life free from alcohol abuse. Thus, the theory helps my deeper understanding of need for practicing changes from changed lifestyles, we adopt new desirable behaviors. Therefore, I firmly put up that I am what I do.However, although behavioral theory is my preferred theory, environmental issues plays a big role in the acquisition of behavior. For example, social settings, nature of f riends and our role models matters. Additionally, it is a point of worth to note the Cognitive Psychology theory remains crucial because informs of internal aspects of human behavior based on consequences of past experiences. Q4. Psychological disorders and their treatment Anxiety disorders Statistically, over 20 million patients are reported to be affected by anguish disorders in America.Based on this number of persons that are affected by the anxiety disorder, there is need to pay close attention to the disorder. There are numerous types of anxiety disorders such as Post traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Social Phobia, and Panic disorder which are related to stress (David, 2008). In a position of a counselor, I would use the following symptoms to diagnose anxiety disorder as follows panic disorder patient exhibits hot flashes, racing heartbeat, fears of being death or crazy, malady and terror.Panic disorder is best treated by a combining of psychological, physiological and phys iological treatment. Secondly, social phobia anxiety disorder bequeath comprise of symptoms such as confusion, blushing, diarrhea and palpitations which are all physical symptoms. Social phobia can be treated best by behavior and social changes along side use of medication and therapy. The trine disorder PTSD is accompanied by symptoms such as avoidance behavior, Hypersensitivity such as sleep, anxious, Re-experiencing an event, Loss of interest in surroundings. intercession approach to treating PTSD includes exposure therapy, medication, cognitive behavioral therapy, and group therapy. References David, Buss, (2008), evolutionary psychology the new science of the mind, Pearson/Allyn and Bacon Dube SR, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Croft JB, Edwards VJ, Giles WH, (2001) Growing up with parental alcohol abuse exposure to childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Child Abuse, 25(12)1627-1640 James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology. New York Holt Skinner, B. F. (1948/1986). Walden II. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall Psychology The Evolution of a Science